Biventricular Assist Device Implantation

A biventricular assist device (BiVAD) is a mechanical circulatory support device that helps both the left and right sides of the heart pump blood when they are too weak to do so on their own.It is most often used in patients with severe end-stage heart failure who are awaiting a heart transplant or who are not transplant candidates.

There are several types of assist devices available, including:

• Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) – Support the left side of the heart.
• Right Ventricular Assist Devices (RVADs) – Support the right side of the heart.
• Biventricular Assist Devices (BiVADs) – Provide support to both ventricles. These devices can be used temporarily during surgery or as long-term support depending on the patient's condition.

BiVADs are recommended for patients with severe biventricular heart failure that has not responded to medications or less invasive treatments. This includes individuals awaiting a heart transplant or those who are not eligible for transplantation but need long-term circulatory support. BiVADs may also be used in patients with cardiogenic shock or after cardiac surgery who experience heart failure unresponsive to medications or single-ventricle support.

BiVADs can significantly improve a patient’s quality of life, increase survival rates, and provide critical time for heart transplant eligibility. Patients often experience greater energy, reduced hospitalizations, and improved organ function.

As with any major surgery, there are risks associated with BiVAD implantation, including bleeding, infection, blood clots, and device malfunction. However, Baptist Health's expert surgical teams and infection prevention protocols significantly reduce these risks.

Preparing for BiVAD surgery involves several steps including diagnostic testing, medication review, and patient education. Our team ensures that patients and families are fully informed and supported through every phase of the process.

During the procedure, a cardiac surgeon implants the device in a sterile operating room under general anesthesia. The device’s pumps are connected to the heart’s ventricles and arteries to take over or assist pumping functions.

After surgery, patients are monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) and gradually transitioned to the cardiac step-down unit. Ongoing monitoring, medication adjustments, and physical therapy support recovery.

Patients are initially closely monitored in a cardiac ICU setting following the surgery and will undergo a structured recovery program that can take several weeks to months depending on the individual. Patients will participate in cardiac rehabilitation, attend follow-up appointments, and receive education on device management and infection prevention. Patients with BiVADs require lifelong anticoagulation therapy and regular follow-ups with their heart failure team.