Why Bone Density Matters — and What You Can Do Right Now

For most people, aging gracefully means staying able, independent and active. But as we age, our bones can weaken, increasing the danger of fractures and other complications — and putting our quality of life at risk. 

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become fragile and are more likely to break. Because it often shows no symptoms until a fracture occurs, regular osteoporosis screening is vital for maintaining good health as we age.

“You can lose significant bone density without realizing it. This is why screening is essential,” says orthopedic surgeon Alexander Gaukhman, M.D., a specialist in hip and knee reconstruction with Baptist Health Orthopedic Care. “Early detection allows for timely interventions that can prevent fractures and improve bone strength.”

At least one in five women older than 50 in the U.S. has osteoporosis, but many don’t realize it.  “It’s very pervasive in our society,” Dr. Gaukhman says. 

In recent weeks, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, an influential government-appointed panel of medical experts, renewed its recommendation that women 65 years and older have a bone density scan to screen for osteoporosis.

The updated guidelines also advise postmenopausal women younger than 65 to consult their physician about whether they should be screened as well, based on a number of risk factors.

Osteoporosis can also affect men, although that is less common. Other medical organizations suggest screening or risk assessment for men starting at age 70.

“Prevention is definitely very important,” Dr. Gaukhman says.

Osteoporosis screening is a simple, painless process that involves a bone density test in areas like the hips and spine. It is commonly performed using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. The results help doctors assess fracture risk and decide on appropriate prevention strategies or treatment.

Understanding Osteoporosis

Bones are made of living tissue that constantly rebuilds itself. Old bone is removed in a process called resorption, and new bone is made in its place. This keeps our bones healthy and allows for repair when needed.

Osteoporosis happens when this process is out of balance. As we age, the breakdown of bone outpaces the body’s ability to replace it, leading to a gradual loss of bone density. Although this is a natural part of aging, certain factors — such as genetics, diet, activity levels, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption — can accelerate this process.

Alexander Gaukhman, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon with Baptist Health Orthopedic Care specializing in hip and knee reconstruction

The good news is that many of the risks that lead to bone loss can be managed. But it’s important to consider proactive steps before you experience problems, says Dr. Gaukhman, who is based at Boca Raton Regional Hospital, a part of Baptist Health.

“Often, degenerative processes have started long before symptoms arise,” he explains. There are few, if any, symptoms of bone loss until someone fractures a bone.Women who have gone through menopause are at highest risk because of hormonal changes.

Fractures caused by osteoporosis, especially in the hips, spine and wrists, can severely impact mobility and quality of life. Hip fractures, in particular, often require surgery and lengthy rehabilitation.

How Early Detection Helps

Most people can — and should — take steps to strengthen their bones and reduce the risk of fractures with a healthy diet and regular exercise to improve strength and balance.

“People often don’t realize the importance of bone health until they experience a fracture,” says Charles Jordan, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon with Baptist Health Orthopedic Care. “Taking early steps to strengthen your bones can prevent long-term problems.”

Charles Jordan, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon with Baptist Health Orthopedic Care

If osteoporosis is detected, healthcare providers can recommend treatments tailored to your specific needs. These may include medications to slow bone loss. 

Without treatment, osteoporosis is likely to worsen. While the biggest problem is the risk of fractures, which can be painful and debilitating, the picture is more complex. Studies have shown that after a fracture, people can lose their independence and become depressed. The risk of death within one year after a hip fracture is around 22 percent, according to the National Institutes of Health.

Changes in daily life can have a big impact on bone health. For example, regular exercise and activity such as walking or light strength training can help stimulate bone growth and maintain bone density. Consider some exercises for your abs, back and chest; a strong core can help improve balance, preventing falls and injuries.

A healthy, balanced diet also plays a key role. Bone health is supported by foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, such as dairy products, leafy greens, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, beans and fish. Lean proteins can help build muscle, support bone growth and augment calcium absorption. 

Smoking cessation and limiting alcohol consumption can further reduce the risk of bone loss. 

Dr. Jordan emphasizes: “By understanding your risks and taking proactive steps, you can maintain strong bones well into your later years. It’s about prevention and giving your bones the care they need.”

Take Action for Your Bone Health

If you’re concerned about your bone health, Baptist Health Orthopedic Care’s Bone Health and Fracture Prevention Program offers screenings, education and personalized treatment plans. To learn more, visit Baptist Health Orthopedic Care.