Dwyane Wade’s Kidney Cancer Journey: What You Need to Know

In 2023, Miami HEAT legend and NBA Hall of Famer Dwyane Wade was diagnosed with kidney cancer. The revelation came during a new episode of his podcast, "The Why With Dwyane Wade," where the 43-year-old explained the ordeal he had been through, including surgery to remove part of his kidney.

Mr. Wade's story serves as a reminder of how critical it is to take charge of one’s health, even when things seem fine. By sharing his experience, Mr. Wade is providing a better understanding of kidney cancer, its risks, and the importance of early detection.

He recalled on his podcast: "I told myself before I went under anesthesia, if I come out of this … I'm going to do things differently. I've been attacking life in a way that I'm not waiting." 

Wade's Personal Experience with Kidney Cancer

Mr. Wade described how, at 41, he was a "pretty healthy guy" but was blindsided by the diagnosis. He shared that after retiring from the NBA at the end of the 2018-19 season, he stopped getting annual physicals. However, nagging stomach and urinary issues led him to consult a doctor. His father, Dwyane Wade Sr., had been diagnosed with prostate cancer, which further motivated him to take action.

What doctors discovered was a tumor on his right kidney. To ensure that no cancerous tissue would remain, 40 percent of his right kidney was removed during surgery.

“Thank God I did do the surgery because the tumor was cancerous," Mr. Wade said on his podcast. "I have one kidney, and I have one kidney that is 60 percent. They took 40 percent of my kidney to make sure they got all the cancer off ..."  

Mr. Wade’s case highlights an important point— just because there’s a tumor on the kidney doesn’t necessarily mean it’s cancerous.

However, only a small percentage of removed kidney tumors are benign. “About 80 percent of kidney tumors are cancerous,” explains Ahmed Eldefrawy, M.D., urologic oncologist at Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute.

What Happens When Part of a Kidney Is Removed?

Removing part of a kidney might sound concerning, but the body is often capable of adjusting to such a change.

“A person can live perfectly well with one kidney or even less than one kidney,” said Dr. Eldefrawy. “So, losing 40 percent on one kidney does not mean anything. Plus, when doing a partial nephrectomy (the removal of part of the kidney), only the tumor is removed which does not produce any function.”

The remaining kidney tissue can compensate for the lost portion, allowing most people to live a normal life. The kidneys are vital for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, but a single kidney (or partial kidney) can usually continue performing these functions without issue.

Mr. Wade’s own experience suggests the same. He’s made a full recovery and continues to focus on his health and wellness. However, people who undergo kidney removal surgery may need to make lifestyle adjustments and undergo regular check-ups to monitor kidney function.

How Kidney Cancer Is Detected

Kidney cancer is most often detected incidentally, said Dr. Eldefrawy. This means it may be found during routine medical imaging for an unrelated condition. In Mr. Wade’s case, his physical symptoms—stomach and urinary issues—prompted him to visit the doctor.

For others, kidney cancer may be detected through imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scans, or MRIs. If kidney cancer is suspected, further tests like a biopsy may be conducted to confirm the diagnosis.

“CT scan and MRIs are very common and easy tests and are usually done for different reasons,” said Dr. Eldefrawy. “And that is when a kidney mass is discovered.”

Early Warning Signs of Kidney Cancer

The earliest sign can be microscopic hematuria (blood in the urnine), explains Dr. Eldefrawy.  “These red blood cells are usually detected on urine analysis, but not visibly seen,” he adds. “This is usually a lab test that is part of the yearly check-up with a primary care physician. Kidney tumors are painless. Gross hematuria usually happens in advanced cases.”

Kidney cancer often goes undetected in its early stages because it typically doesn’t cause obvious symptoms. However, some common signs include:

• Blood in the urine (hematuria)
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue
• Lower back pain on one side (not caused by injury)
• A lump or mass in the abdomen
• Loss of appetite

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for evaluation. “Any one experiences gross hematuria, should see a urologist -- and a CT scan with contrast is usually performed as well as cystoscopy,” said Dr. Eldefrawy.

Risk Factors for Kidney Cancer

Ahmed Eldefrawy, M.D., urologic oncologist at Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute.

While kidney cancer can affect anyone, certain factors may increase the risk. Men are more likely than women to develop kidney cancer, and age is also a significant factor—most cases are diagnosed in people over 50. Lifestyle choices such as smoking and obesity can increase the risk as well.

Family history plays a crucial role. Mr. Wade’s own father had prostate cancer, which motivated him to get checked. Similarly, individuals with a family history of kidney cancer may have a higher risk of developing the disease.

Are Specific Groups More at Risk?

Kidney cancer is not necessarily more common in any specific race or ethnic group, but some studies show that Black Americans may be at a slightly higher risk for developing kidney cancer. The reasons for this are still being researched. Factors like genetics, access to healthcare, and lifestyle choices all contribute to this risk.

“Racial disparity in renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the small tubes in the kidneys) has been reported -- but only minor difference in incidence,” said Dr. Eldefrawy.

Kidney Stones and Cancer Risk

There’s often confusion about the relationship between kidney stones and kidney cancer. While kidney stones themselves don’t directly cause cancer, people with a history of kidney stones may be at an increased risk of kidney disease.

Chronic kidney issues or scarring from repeated kidney stones could potentially increase the risk of developing kidney cancer. For the most part, however, kidney stone disease is unrelated to kidney cancer, said Dr. Eldefrawy.

Reducing Your Risk of Kidney Cancer

As Mr. Wade’s story demonstrates, taking proactive steps with your health is crucial. To reduce the risk of kidney cancer, here are some key recommendations:

• Get regular check-ups and screenings: Even if you feel healthy, annual physicals are essential, especially for those with a family history of cancer.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is a risk factor for kidney cancer, so eating a balanced diet and staying active can help mitigate this.
• Quit smoking: Smoking is a significant risk factor for kidney cancer, and quitting is one of the best things you can do for your health.
• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help maintain kidney function and reduce your risk of kidney stones.

Dwyane Wade’s cancer diagnosis and recovery serve as an important reminder of the importance of regular health screenings and paying attention to our bodies.

Early detection of kidney cancer can be life-saving, and with modern treatments, many people can live full, healthy lives even after surgery. If you notice any unusual symptoms, such as blood in your urine or persistent pain in your back, don’t wait—consult a doctor. Taking action early can make all the difference.

“Living a healthy lifestyle and having an annual urine analysis are vital ways of reducing your risk for kidney cancer,” said Dr. Eldefrawy.